Professor Paul Clarke
Director, Frazer Institute
Frazer Institute
+61 7 344 36917
Researcher biography
Paul Clarke is Director of the Frazer Institute, a leading translational medical research centre studying cancer, autoimmune diseases, infection and immunity, and the genetic basis of disease. Professor Clarke became Director in 2017 and was previously Associate Dean (Research) in Medicine at the University of Dundee in Scotland, Senior Research Fellow at the University of Manchester in England, and Research Fellow at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg, Germany. Professor Clarke studied Biochemistry at the University of Bristol and undertook research for his PhD at the University of Dundee.
Frazer Institute, formerly UQ Diamantina Institute, is named in honour of its Founding Director, Emeritus Professor Ian Frazer, co-discoverer of the Gardasil HPV cervical cancer vaccine. Frazer Institute is part of The University of Queensland Faculty of Medicine and is a key partner in the Translational Research Institute, a $360 million research facility at the Princess Alexandra Hospital precinct in Woolloongabba. Scientists and clinical researchers at Frazer Institute develop new methods for the prevention, detection and treatment of human diseases.
Journal Articles
Clarke, Paul R. (2021). Keep it focused: PRMT6 drives the localization of RCC1 to chromosomes to facilitate mitosis, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis. Molecular Cell, 81 (6), 1128-1129. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.02.026
Guo, Li, Mohd, Khamsah Suryati, Ren, He, Xin, Guangwei, Jiang, Qing, Clarke, Paul R. and Zhang, Chuanmao (2019). Phosphorylation of importin-α1 by CDK1-cyclin B1 controls mitotic spindle assembly. Journal of Cell Science, 132 (18) jcs232314, jcs232314. doi: 10.1242/jcs.232314
Clarke, Paul R., Allan, Lindsey A. and Skowyra, Agnieszka (2018). Timed degradation of Mcl-1 controls mitotic cell death. Molecular & Cellular Oncology, 5 (6) e1516450, e1516450. doi: 10.1080/23723556.2018.1516450
Allan, Lindsey A., Skowyra, Agnieszka, Rogers, Katie I., Zeller, Désirée and Clarke, Paul R. (2018). Atypical APC/C-dependent degradation of Mcl-1 provides an apoptotic timer during mitotic arrest. The EMBO Journal, 37 (17) e96831, e96831. doi: 10.15252/embj.201796831
Skowyra, Agnieszka, Allan, Lindsey A., Saurin, Adrian T. and Clarke, Paul R. (2018). USP9X limits mitotic checkpoint complex turnover to strengthen the spindle assembly checkpoint and guard against chromosomal instability. Cell Reports, 23 (3), 852-865. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.100
Hou, Ying, Allan, Lindsey A. and Clarke, Paul R. (2017). Phosphorylation of XIAP by CDK1-cyclin-B1 controls mitotic cell death. Journal of Cell Science, 130 (2), 502-511. doi: 10.1242/jcs.192310
Hain, Karolina O., Colin, Didier J., Rastogi, Shubhra, Allan, Lindsey A. and Clarke, Paul R. (2016). Prolonged mitotic arrest induces a caspase-dependent DNA damage response at telomeres that determines cell survival. Scientific Reports, 6 (1) 26766, 26766 .1-26766 .11. doi: 10.1038/srep26766
Colin, Didier J., Hain, Karolina O., Allan, Lindsey A. and Clarke, Paul R. (2015). Cellular responses to a prolonged delay in mitosis are determined by a DNA damage response controlled by Bcl-2 family proteins. Open Biology, 5 (3) 140156, 140156-140156. doi: 10.1098/rsob.140156
Wu, Zhige, Jiang, Qing, Clarke, Paul R. and Zhang, Chuanmao (2013). Phosphorylation of Crm1 by CDK1-cyclin-B promotes Ran-dependent mitotic spindle assembly. Journal of Cell Science, 126 (15), 3417-3428. doi: 10.1242/jcs.126854
Lu, Quanlong, Lu, Zhigang, Liu, Qinying, Guo, Li, Ren, He, Fu, Jingyan, Jiang, Qing, Clarke, Paul R. and Zhang, Chuanmao (2012). Chromatin-bound NLS proteins recruit membrane vesicles and nucleoporins for nuclear envelope assembly via importin-α/β. Cell Research, 22 (11), 1562-1575. doi: 10.1038/cr.2012.113
Fu, Wenxiang, Tao, Wei, Zheng, Puwei, Fu, Jingyan, Bian, Minglei, Jiang, Qing, Clarke, Paul R. and Zhang, Chuanmao (2010). Clathrin recruits phosphorylated TACC3 to spindle poles for bipolar spindle assembly and chromosome alignment. Journal of Cell Science, 123 (21), 3645-3651. doi: 10.1242/jcs.075911
Clarke, Paul R. and Allan, Lindsey A. (2010). Destruction's our delight Controlling apoptosis during mitotic arrest. Cell Cycle, 9 (20), 4035-4036. doi: 10.4161/cc.9.20.13522
Harley, Margaret E., Allan, Lindsey A., Sanderson, Helen S. and Clarke, Paul R. (2010). Phosphorylation of Mcl-1 by CDK1-cyclin B1 initiates its Cdc20-dependent destruction during mitotic arrest. Embo Journal, 29 (14), 2407-2420. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2010.112
Hitakomate, Ekarat, Hood, Fiona E., Sanderson, Helen S. and Clarke, Paul R. (2010). The methylated N-terminal tail of RCC1 is required for stabilisation of its interaction with chromatin by Ran in live cells. Bmc Cell Biology, 11 (1) 43. doi: 10.1186/1471-2121-11-43
Dikovskaya, Dina, Li, Zhuoyu, Newton, Ian P., Davidson, Iain, Hutchins, James R. A., Kalab, Petr, Clarke, Paul R. and Naethke, Inke S. (2010). Microtubule assembly by the Apc protein is regulated by importin-β-RanGTP. Journal of Cell Science, 123 (5), 736-746. doi: 10.1242/jcs.060806
Allan, Lindsey A. and Clarke, Paul R. (2009). Apoptosis and autophagy: Regulation of caspase-9 by phosphorylation. Febs Journal, 276 (21), 6063-6073. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07330.x
Clarke, Paul (2009). Control of apoptosis and autophagy by cellular signalling pathways. FEBS Journal, 276 (21), 6049-6049. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07328.x
Seifert, Anne and Clarke, Paul R. (2009). p38α- and DYRK1A-dependent phosphorylation of caspase-9 at an inhibitory site in response to hyperosmotic stress. Cellular Signalling, 21 (11), 1626-1633. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.06.009
Hutchins, James R. A., Moore, William J. and Clarke, Paul R. (2009). Dynamic localisation of Ran GTPase during the cell cycle. Bmc Cell Biology, 10 (1) 1471. doi: 10.1186/1471-2121-10-66
Berglund, Fredfk M. and Clarke, Paul R. (2009). hnRNP-U is a specific DNA-dependent protein kinase substrate phosphorylated in response to DNA double-strand breaks. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 381 (1), 59-64. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.02.019
Clarke, Paul R. and Allan, Lindsey A. (2009). Cell-cycle control in the face of damage - a matter of life or death. Trends in Cell Biology, 19 (3), 89-98. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2008.12.003
Seifert, Anne, Allan, Lindsey A. and Clarke, Paul R. (2008). DYRK1A phosphorylates caspase 9 at an inhibitory site and is potently inhibited in human cells by harmine. Febs Journal, 275 (24), 6268-6280. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06751.x
Clarke, Paul R. and Zhang, Chuanmao (2008). Spatial and temporal coordination of mitosis by Ran GTPase. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 9 (6), 464-477. doi: 10.1038/nrm2410
Bennett, Lara N., Larkin, Conor, Gillespie, David A. and Clarke, Paul R. (2008). Claspin is phosphorylated in the Chk1-binding domain by a kinase distinct from Chk1. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 369 (3), 973-976. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.02.154
Clarke, Paul R. (2008). Signaling to nuclear transport.. Developmental Cell, 14 (3), 316-318. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2008.02.005
Chen, Qiang, Zhang, Xiaoyan, Jiang, Qing, Clarke, Paul R. and Zhang, Chuamnao (2008). Cyclin B1 is localized to unattached kinetochores and contributes to efficient microtubule attachment and proper chromosome alignment during mitosis. Cell Research, 18 (2), 268-280. doi: 10.1038/cr.2008.11
Martin, Morag C., Allan, Lindsey A., Mancini, Erika J. and Clarke, Paul R. (2008). The docking interaction of caspase-9 with ERK2 provides a mechanism for the selective inhibitory phosphorylation of caspase-9 at threonine 125. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 283 (7), 3854-3865. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M705647200
Allan, Lindsey A and Clarke, Paul R (2008). A mechanism coupling cell division and the control of apoptosis. SEB experimental biology series, 59, 257-265.
Hood, Fiona E. and Clarke, Paul R. (2007). RCC1 isoforms differ in their affinity for chromatin, molecular interactions and regulation by phosphorylation. Journal of Cell Science, 120 (19), 3436-3445. doi: 10.1242/jcs.009092
Clarke, Paul R. and Sazer, Shelley (2007). Mitosis: Ran scales the alps of spindle formation. Current Biology, 17 (16), R643-R645. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2007.06.023
Clarke, Paul R. (2007). Anchoring RCC1 by the tail. Nature Cell Biology, 9 (5), 485-487. doi: 10.1038/ncb0507-485
Allan, Lindsey A. and Clarke, Paul R. (2007). Phosphorylation of Caspase-9 by CDK1/Cyclin B1 Protects Mitotic Cells against Apoptosis. Molecular Cell, 26 (2), 301-310. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2007.03.019
Clarke, Paul R. and Sanderson, Helen S. (2006). A mitotic role for BRCA1/BARD1 in tumor suppression?. Cell, 127 (3), 453-455. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.10.020
Bennett, Lara N. and Clarke, Paul R. (2006). Regulation of Claspin degradation by the ubiquitin-proteosome pathway during the cell cycle and in response to ATR-dependent checkpoint activation. Febs Letters, 580 (17), 4176-4181. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.06.071
Sanderson, HS and Clarke, PR (2006). Cell biology: Ran, mitosis and the cancer Lconnection. Current Biology, 16 (12), R466-R468. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.032
Brady, S. C., Allan, L. A. and Clarke, P. R. (2005). Regulation of caspase 9 through phosphorylation by protein kinase C zeta in response to hyperosmotic stress. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 25 (23), 10543-10555. doi: 10.1128/MCB.25.23.10543-10555.2005
Clarke, Catriona A. L., Bennett, Lara N. and Clarke, Paul R. (2005). Cleavage of claspin by caspase-7 during apoptosis inhibits the Chk1 pathway. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280 (42), 35337-35345. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M506460200
Clarke, PR (2005). A gradient signal orchestrates the mitotic spindle. Science, 309 (5739), 1334-1335. doi: 10.1126/science.1117842
Clarke, CAL and Clarke, PR (2005). DNA-dependent phosphorylation of Chk1 and Claspin in a human cell-free system. Biochemical Journal, 388 (2), 705-712. doi: 10.1042/BJ20041966
Clarke, PR (2005). The Crm de la crème of mitosis. Nature Cell Biology, 7 (6), 551-552. doi: 10.1038/ncb0605-551
Martin, MC, Allan, LA, Lickrish, M, Sampson, C, Morrice, N and Clarke, PR (2005). Protein kinase A regulates caspase-9 activation by Apaf-1 downstream of cytochrome c. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280 (15), 15449-15455. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M414325200
Hutchins, JRA, Dikovskaya, D and Clarke, PR (2005). Regulation of Cdc2/cyclin B activation in xenopus egg extracts via inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc25C phosphatase by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. (vol 14, pg 4003, 2003). Molecular Biology of the Cell, 16 (3), 1568-1568.
Hutchins, JRA, Moore, WJ, Hood, FE, Wilson, JSJ, Andrews, PD, Swedlow, JR and Clarke, PR (2004). Phosphorylation regulates the dynamic interaction of RCC1 with chromosomes during mitosis. Current Biology, 14 (12), 1099-1104. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2004.05.021
Clarke, Paul R and Zhang, Chuanmao (2004). Spatial and temporal control of nuclear envelope assembly by Ran GTPase. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology (56), 193-204.
Hutchins, JRA and Clarke, PR (2004). Many fingers on the mitotic trigger - Post-translational regulation of the Cdc25C phosphatase. Cell Cycle, 3 (1), 41-45.
Wozniak, R and Clarke, PR (2003). Nuclear pores: Sowing the seeds of assembly on the chromatin landscape. Current Biology, 13 (24), R970-R972. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2003.11.046
Hutchins, James R. A., Dikovskaya, D. and Clarke, P. R. (2003). Regulation of Cdc2/cyclin B activation in Xenopus egg extracts via inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc25c phosphatase by Ca 2+/calmodium-dependent kinase II. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 14 (10), 4003-4014. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E03-02-0061
Allan, LA, Morrice, N, Brady, S, Magee, G, Pathak, S and Clarke, PR (2003). Inhibition of caspase-9 through phosphorylation at Thr 125 by ERK MAPK. Nature Cell Biology, 5 (7), 647-654. doi: 10.1038/ncb1005
Zhang, Chuanmao, Goldberg, Martin W., Moore, William J., Allen, Terence D. and Clarke, Paul R. (2002). Concentration of Ran on chromatin induces decondensation, nuclear envelope formation and nuclear pore complex assembly. European Journal of Cell Biology, 81 (11), 623-633. doi: 10.1078/0171-9335-00288
Hutchins, JRA, Dikovskaya, D and Clarke, PR (2002). Dephosphorylation of the inhibitory phosphorylation site S287 in Xenopus Cdc25C by protein phosphatase-2A is inhibited by 14-3-3 binding. Febs Letters, 528 (1-3), 267-271. doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03327-6
Moore, WJ, Zhang, CM and Clarke, PR (2002). Targeting of RCC1 to chromosomes is required for proper mitotic spindle assembly in human cells. Current Biology, 12 (16), 1442-1447. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01076-X
Timinszky, G, Tirian, L, Nagy, FT, Toth, G, Perczel, A, Kiss-Laszlo, Z, Boros, I, Clarke, PR and Szabad, J (2002). The importin-beta P446L dominant-negative mutant protein loses RanGTP binding ability and blocks the formation of intact nuclear envelope. Journal of Cell Science, 115 (8), 1675-1687.
Zhang, CM, Hutchins, JRA, Muhlhausser, P, Kutay, U and Clarke, PR (2002). Role of importin-β in the control of nuclear envelope assembly by Ran. Current Biology, 12 (6), 498-502. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00714-5
Clarke, PR and Zhang, CM (2001). Ran GTPase: A master regulator of nuclear structure and function during the eukaryotic cell division cycle?. Trends in Cell Biology, 11 (9), 366-371. doi: 10.1016/S0962-8924(01)02071-2
Nicolas, FJ, Moore, WJ, Zhang, CM and Clarke, PR (2001). XMog1, a nuclear Ran-binding protein in Xenopus, is a functional homologue of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Mog1p that co-operates with RanBP1 to control generation of Ran-GTP. Journal of Cell Science, 114 (16), 3013-3023.
Curman, D, Cinel, B, Williams, DE, Rundle, N, Block, WD, Goodarzi, AA, Hutchins, JR, Clarke, PR, Zhou, BB, Lees-Miller, SP, Andersen, RJ and Roberge, M (2001). Inhibition of the G2 DNA Damage Checkpoint and of Protein Kinases Chk1 and Chk2 by the Marine Sponge Alkaloid Debromohymenialdisine. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276 (21), 17914-17919. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M100728200
Zhang, CM and Clarke, PR (2001). Roles of Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP in precursor vesicle recruitment and fusion during nuclear envelope assembly in a human cell-free system. Current Biology, 11 (3), 208-212. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00053-7
Goldberg, MW, Rutherford, SA, Hughes, M, Cotter, LA, Bagley, S, Kiseleva, E, Allen, TD and Clarke, PR (2000). Ran alters nuclear pore complex conformation. Journal of Molecular Biology, 300 (3), 519-529. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3891
Zhang, CM and Clarke, PR (2000). Chromatin-independent nuclear envelope assembly induced by Ran GTPase in Xenopus egg extracts. Science, 288 (5470), 1429-1432. doi: 10.1126/science.288.5470.1429
Hutchins, JRA, Hughes, M and Clarke, PR (2000). Substrate specificity determinants of the checkpoint protein kinase Chk1. Febs Letters, 466 (1), 91-95. doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01763-9
Zhang, CM, Hughes, M and Clarke, PR (1999). Ran-GTP stabilises microtubule asters and inhibits nuclear assembly in Xenopus egg extracts. Journal of Cell Science, 112 (14), 2453-2461.
Swanton, Eileithyia, Savory, Peter, Cosulich, Sabina, Clarke, Paul and Woodman, Philip (1999). Bcl-2 regulates a caspase-3/caspase-2 apoptotic cascade in cytosolic extracts. Oncogene, 18 (10), 1781-1787. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1202490
Cosulich, SC, Savory, PJ and Clarke, PR (1999). Bcl-2 regulates amplification of caspase activation by cytochrome c. Current Biology, 9 (3), 147-150. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80068-2
Hughes, M, Zhang, CM, Avis, JM, Hutchison, CJ and Clarke, PR (1998). The role of the Ran GTPase in nuclear assembly and DNA replication: characterisation of the effects of Ran mutants. Journal of Cell Science, 111, 3017-3026.
Nicolas, FJ, Zhang, CM, Hughes, M, Goldberg, MW, Watton, SJ and Clarke, PR (1997). Xenopus Ran-binding protein 1: molecular interactions and effects on nuclear assembly in Xenopus egg extracts. Journal of Cell Science, 110 (24), 3019-3030.
Cosulich, SC, Worrall, V, Hedge, PJ, Green, S and Clarke, PR (1997). Regulation of apoptosis by BH3 domains in a cell-free system. Current Biology, 7 (12), 913-920. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00410-6
Cosulich, SC, Horiuchi, H, Zerial, M, Clarke, PR and Woodman, PG (1997). Cleavage of Rabaptin-5 blocks endosome fusion during apoptosis. Embo Journal, 16 (20), 6182-6191. doi: 10.1093/emboj/16.20.6182
LeRomancer, M, Cosulich, SC, Jackson, SP and Clarke, PR (1996). Cleavage and inactivation of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit during apoptosis in Xenopus egg extracts. Journal of Cell Science, 109 (13), 3121-3127.
Avis, JM and Clarke, PR (1996). Ran, a GTPase involved in nuclear processes: Its regulators and effectors. Journal of Cell Science, 109 (10), 2423-2427.
Cosulich, SC, Green, S and Clarke, PR (1996). Bcl-2 regulates activation of apoptotic proteases in a cell-free system. Current Biology, 6 (8), 997-1005. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00644-9
Cosulich, Sabina and Clarke, Paul (1996). Apoptosis: Does stress kill?. Current Biology, 6 (12), 1586-1588. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)70779-3
Clarke, PR, Klebe, C, Wittinghofer, A and Karsenti, E (1995). Regulation of Cdc2 Cyclin-B Activation by Ran, a Ras-Related Gtpase. Journal of Cell Science, 108 (3), 1217-1225.
Clarke, PR (1995). Cyclin-Dependent Kinases: CAK-handed kinase activation. Current Biology, 5 (1), 40-42. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(95)00013-3
Hoffmann, Ingrid, Clarke, Paul R. and Draetta, Giulio (1995). The cdc25 Phosphatase: Biochemistry and Regulation in the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle. Advances in Molecular and Cell Biology, 13 (C), 151-164. doi: 10.1016/S1569-2558(08)60010-7
Clarke, P.R. (1994). Signal Transduction: Switching off MAP kinases. Current Biology, 4 (7), 647-650. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00144-5
Clarke, PR, Siddhanti, SR, Cohen, P and Blackshear, PJ (1993). Okadaic acid-sensitive protein phosphatases dephosphorylate MARCKS, a major protein kinase C substrate. Febs Letters, 336 (1), 37-42. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)81604-X
Clarke, PR, Hoffmann, I, Draetta, G and Karsenti, E (1993). Dephosphorylation of Cdc25-C by a Type-2A Protein Phosphatase - Specific Regulation During the Cell-Cycle in Xenopus Egg Extracts. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 4 (4), 397-411. doi: 10.1091/mbc.4.4.397
Hoffmann, I, Clarke, PR, Marcote, MJ, Karsenti, E and Draetta, G (1993). Phosphorylation and Activation of Human Cdc25-C by Cdc2 Cyclin-B and its Involvement in the Self-Amplification of Mpf At Mitosis. Embo Journal, 12 (1), 53-63. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05631.x
Clarke, PR, Leiss, D, Pagano, M and Karsenti, E (1992). Cyclin A-Dependent and Cyclin B-Dependent Protein-Kinases Are Regulated by Different Mechanisms in Xenopus Egg Extracts. Embo Journal, 11 (5), 1751-1761. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05227.x
Thomas, L, Clarke, PR, Pagano, M and Gruenberg, J (1992). Inhibition of Membrane-Fusion Invitro Via Cyclin-B But Not Cyclin-a. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 267 (9), 6183-6187.
Hoffmann, Ingrid, Clarke, Paul, Karsenti, Eric and Draetta, Giulio (1992). cdc25‐C is ACTIVATED BY PHOSPHORYLATION AT MITOSIS. Biology of the Cell, 76 (2), 213-213. doi: 10.1016/0248-4900(92)90225-P
Thomas, L., Clarke, P. R., Pagano, M. and Gruenberg, J. (1992). Erratum: Inhibition of membrane fusion in vitro via cyclin B but not cyclin A (Journal of Biological Chemistry (1992) 267 (6183-6187)). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 267 (19).
Mackintosh, RW, Davies, SP, Clarke, PR, Weekes, J, Gillespie, JG, Gibb, BJ and Hardie, DG (1992). Evidence for a protein kinase cascade in higher plants: 3‐Hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase kinase. European Journal of Biochemistry, 209 (3), 923-931. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17364.x
Clarke, PR and Karsenti, E (1991). Regulation of P34Cdc2 Protein-Kinase - New Insights Into Protein-Phosphorylation and the Cell-Cycle. Journal of Cell Science, 100, 409-414.
BUENDIA, B, CLARKE, PR, FELIX, MA, KARSENTI, E, LEISS, D and VERDE, F (1991). REGULATION OF PROTEIN-KINASES ASSOCIATED WITH CYCLIN-A AND CYCLIN-B AND THEIR EFFECT ON MICROTUBULE DYNAMICS AND NUCLEATION IN XENOPUS EGG EXTRACTS. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia On Quantitative Biology, 56, 523-532.
Carling, D, Clarke, PR and Hardie, DG (1991). Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein-Kinase - Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coa Reductase Kinase. Methods in Enzymology, 200 (C), 362-371. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(91)00153-N
Clarke, PR and Hardie, DG (1990). Regulation of Hmg-Coa Reductase - Identification of the Site Phosphorylated by the Amp-Activated Protein-Kinase Invitro and in Intact Rat-Liver. Embo Journal, 9 (8), 2439-2446. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07420.x
Clarke, PR and Hardie, DG (1990). Calmodulin-dependent multiprotein kinase and protein kinase C phosphorylate the same site on HMG-CoA reductase as the AMP-activated protein kinase. Febs Letters, 269 (1), 213-217. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)81157-J
Carling, D, Clarke, PR, Zammit, VA and Hardie, DG (1989). Purification and characterization of the AMP‐activated protein kinase: Copurification of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase kinase and 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase kinase activities. European Journal of Biochemistry, 186 (1-2), 129-136. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb15186.x
Conference Papers
Lu, L. Q., Ren, H., Guo, L., Jiang, Q., Clarke, P. R. and Zhang, C. (2016). The assembly and function of the Annulate Lamellae pore complexes in Xenopus Egg extract and cultured mammalian cells. Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB), San Francisco, United States, Dec 03-07, 2016. BETHESDA: AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY.
Fornerod, Maarten and Clarke, Paul R. (2008). To the centre of the volcano. Workshop on the Mechanisms of Nucleocytoplasmic Transport. NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. doi: 10.1038/embor.2008.51
Allen, TD, Kiseleva, E, Rutherford, SA, Bagley, S, Clarke, PR and Goldberg, MW (2000). Structural modifications of nuclear pure complexes associated with transport.. AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY.
Goldberg, MW, Rutherford, S, Cotter, L, Kiseleva, E, Allen, TD and Clarke, PR (1999). Structural effects of Ran on the nuclear pore complex. AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY.
Buendia, B, Clarke, PR, Felix, MA, Karsenti, E, Leiss, D and Verde, F (1991). Regulation of Protein-Kinases Associated with Cyclin-A and Cyclin-B and Their Effect On Microtubule Dynamics and Nucleation in Xenopus Egg Extracts. 56Th Cold Spring Harbor Symp On the Cell Cycle, Cold Spring Harbor Ny, 1991. PLAINVIEW: COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS. doi: 10.1101/SQB.1991.056.01.059